Instruments and mechanisms for implementing political communications in the Ukrainian socio-political space (expert survey results)

Based on the expert survey results, the article identifies the most effective instruments and mechanisms for implementing political communications in the Ukrainian socio-political space. The leading trends in the implementation of new mechanisms and instruments for implementing political communications are considered: firstly, the dominance of certain forms of political communication in different countries depends on the model of democracy – representative, participatory, deliberative; secondly, the mechanisms and instruments of political communication in the participatory model of democracy are presented in all democratic countries, including Ukraine, but their effectiveness depends on the authorities taking into account the recommendations and proposals provided by citizens and civil society; thirdly, deliberative instruments of political communication are present in different models of the democratic process in the format of mini-publics; fourthly, among the areas of application of the online format of political communications, the following can be distinguished: development and implementation of e-government and e-democracy instruments; promotion of the image of political and political parties; use of social networks by citizens as a platform for political participation and discussion (deliberation). It has been determined that the main instruments for implementing political communications under martial law are online social media and classical media (television, press, radio). Deliberative instruments of political participation in the format of discussion and consensus decision-making on problematic socio-political issues in Ukrainian society have not become widespread or have not been used at all in practical terms.