Modeling and Analyses of Transparent Antennas on Vehicles

This paper presents accurate and efficient analyses of transparent antennas near platforms. Various numerical electromagnetic simulation tools are investigated during analyses of antennas mounted on platforms. The simulation environment developed in this work utilizes the equivalent source (ES) representations, and employs surface integral equation-based solutions accelerated by multilevel fast multipole algorithm to model interactions between antennas and vehicles, focusing on the impact of placements. The tool demonstrates remarkable performance compared to commercial tools and enables realistic simulations of transparent antennas on actual vehicle wind-shields. This facilitates more effective performance assessments and optimizations of antenna orientations and placements.