Channel Measurements and Analysis for Terahertz Monostatic Sensing

Terahertz (THz) integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) aims to integrate new functionalities, such as positioning and sensing, within communication systems. This paper presents a THz measurement campaign focused on monostatic sensing. Channel measurements with a center frequency of 300 GHz and a bandwidth of 20 GHz, using a vector network analyzer (VNA)-based channel sounder, are carried out in a laboratory setting at 14 transceiver (TRx) locations, where the transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx) are co-located to mimic monostatic sensor. A directional scanning sounding (DSS) scheme is applied to capture spatial sensing channel profiles. An element-wise space-alternating generalized expectation-maximization (SAGE) algorithm is used to estimate the multipath component (MPC) amplitudes and delays. Then, channel characteristics such as the back-scattering coefficient, delay spread, and angular spread are calculated and analyzed. The findings from this work provide valuable insights to inform the design and deployment of future THz ISAC systems.