Phase Distribution of the Large-Scale Scattered Field from the Sea Surface

A new phase distribution model of the scattered field from the sea surface is proposed, combining Geometrical-based Stochastic Channel Modeling (GSCM) and the Effective Roughness (ER) approaches. The presented model applies to the large-scale roughness of the sea surface. Assuming the sea surface elevation follows a Normal distribution, a phase relation model is derived, capturing the statistical correlation between distinct scattering points across the surface. The phase correlation function is derived from the sea surface's autocorrelation function (ACF), highlighting the influence of sea state parameters on the resulting phase distribution. The model demonstrates a strong dependence of the phase distribution on the characteristics of sea conditions and is applicable to any surface with a correlated Normal distributed roughness profile.