Potențialul productiv al murului în sistem ecologic

The paper represents the results of scientific research carried out in the period 2020-2023 on the mulberry culture, aimed at studying the influence of changing climate conditions. The paper presents the results of research and observations carried out on the course of the phenological phases and their duration, which is in direct correlation with the evolution and intensity of ecological factors. The researches were carried out in the central and southern areas of the Republic of Moldova. The biological material used was represented by five mulberry varieties: Darrow, Arapaho, Thornfree, Smoothstem and Triple Crown. Following the research carried out regarding the course of the phenophases during the study period of the blackberry varieties, it was established that: the opening of the buds took place between 27.03-15.04, with a duration of 49 days. The beginning of flowering took place between 13.05 - 16.06, with a duration of 18 days. The ripening of the fruits began in the period 16.06-15.09, with a duration of 40 days. In the mulberry varieties studied, the period from the beginning of the vegetation to the ripening of the fruits varies between 73 - 128 days depending on the climatic conditions during the vegetation period. The yield obtained for the Arapaho variety in the Central area is 7.22 t/ha, for the Darrow variety - 6.26 t/ha, for the Smoothstem variety - 10.62 t/ha and for the Thornfree variety - 12.43 t/ha , for the Arapaho variety in the South area -8.62 t/ha, and for the Triple Crown variety - 9.23 t/ha. The lack of essential precipitation contributed to the drying of the top layer of the soil, which created less favorable conditions for the growth and development of blackberry plants and led to lower productivity compared to previous years.