Exploring the Impact of Functional Exercise Rehabilitation on Neuroplastic Biomarker Changes in Cardiovascular Disorders

This narrative review explores the interconnected roles of neuroplasticity, cardiovascular health, and functional exercise rehabilitation. By reviewing recent literature, the study identifies how various exercise interventions—including aerobic training, resistance training, balance exercises, and combined modalities—affect neuroplastic biomarkers like brain drive eutrophic factor (BDNF) relevant to cardiovascular disorders. Evidence suggests that physical activities such as aerobic training enhance (BDNF) expression, improving cognitive functions and cardiovascular health. Balance and proprioception exercises effectively induce cortical changes, enhancing stability and motor control. Moreover, multimodal rehabilitation approaches integrating cognitive and physical training have shown superior outcomes in stroke rehabilitation, suggesting their potential application in broader cardiovascular conditions. Overall, this review highlights the importance of a holistic and integrated rehabilitation approach in improving neuroplasticity and cardiovascular outcomes, advocating for personalized rehabilitation strategies tailored to individual patient needs.