Green synthesis of spinel ferrite as a filler in PVC matrix: Enhancing structural, optical, and thermal properties

This study presents the synthesis of zinc ferrite (ZnFe 2 O 4 ) nanoparticles via a simple green route and their reinforcement in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) to fabricate nanocomposite films. The structural, optical, and thermal properties of PVC/ZnFe 2 O 4 nanocomposites were examined at varying nanoparticle concentrations (1 wt.%, 3 wt.%, and 5 wt.%). X-ray diffraction confirmed the polycrystalline nature of the films, while FESEM analysis demonstrated a uniform dispersion of ZnFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles within the PVC matrix. Optical studies indicated enhanced UV absorption with increasing ZnFe 2 O 4 content, accompanied by a significant reduction in bandgap energy from 3.0 eV to 1.2 eV. Photoluminescence analysis revealed a decrease in electron-hole recombination, suggesting improved charge separation. Wettability studies showed an increase in the water contact angle, indicating enhanced hydrophilicity in the modified films. Thermal analysis demonstrated that the incorporation of ZnFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles accelerated PVC degradation due to their catalytic activity while also increasing char residue formation. These findings highlight the potential of PVC/ZnFe 2 O 4 nanocomposites in applications requiring tailored degradation behavior and enhanced optical performance.