Design Music Learning Program Using Gamification: A Prototype Design Study

Objectives This study aims to establish design principles for a music learning app and develop a prototype incorporating gamification elements. The primary objective is to explore the potential of learning programs that maximize learning outcomes while fostering student engagement and motivation. Methods Design principles for music education and gamification were derived through a systematic process involving literature reviews, expert interviews, and needs analysis. The initial design principles were refined and validated based on feedback from educational experts. Subsequently, a prototype of the learning program was developed. The prototype's appropriateness and validity were further examined through iterative feedback processes, first from educational experts and then from music educators and learners. Results Twenty design principles were identified across three dimensions: educational content, gamification elements, and usability. The developed prototype was designed to enhance immersion and motivation, thereby optimizing learning outcomes. Conclusions The music learning app prototype developed in this study presents a design model effectively integrating gamification elements to enhance learner engagement and motivation. The derived design principles contribute to improving the applicability of educational apps in real-world contexts and are expected to significantly enhance learning effectiveness.