Scientific article: basic or applied research work

This study examined the factors influencing obesity in adolescents in urban and rural areas of Mamuju City. A cross-sectional, correlational quantitative design was used in this study, involving 320 students from 44 vocational high schools in remote villages and the Mamuju city center. Participants were selected through purposive sampling, focusing on schools with at least 20 obesity cases. Data were collected through a virtual survey using Google Forms, including sociodemographic data, physical activity (IPAQ-short), mental health indicators (DASS-42), sleep quality (PSQI), and body mass index (BMI). Analysis included descriptive statistics, Spearman rank correlation, Mann-Whitney test, and ordinal regression (IBM SPSS Statistics). The results showed that in urban adolescents, sleep quality was significantly correlated with body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.01, OR = 2.295), as were physical activity (p = 0.04, OR = 2.365), and stress levels (p = 0.38, OR = 1.343). Among rural adolescents, physical activity (p = 0.02, OR = 3.197), sleep quality (p = 0.07, OR = 2.967), and stress levels (p = 0.25, OR = 2.981) were significantly associated with BMI. Conclusion: These findings highlight the importance of lifestyle factors such as sleep quality, physical activity, and stress in managing BMI among adolescents in both urban and rural contexts. These results underscore the need for specific interventions to address these factors and reduce obesity in adolescents.