The Effect of a Personalised Nursing Intervention Based on an Information-Knowledge-Attitude-Practice Model on Initiation of Lactation in Overweight Mothers

目的：探讨基于信息–知识–信念–行为(Information-Knowledge-Attitude-Practice, IKAP)模式的个性化护理干预对超重产妇泌乳启动的影响。方法：采取方便抽样的方法，选取2023年4月~12月在衡阳市某三级甲等医院建档立卡并分娩后的120名超重产妇作为研究对象，根据入院时间分为对照组(60例)和观察组(60例)。对照组实施常规的护理干预，观察组在常规护理的基础上实施基于IKAP的个性化护理干预，比较两组产妇在干预前后母乳喂养简化量表、泌乳启动率及纯母乳喂养率得分的变化。结果：观察组母乳喂养简化量表得分高于对照组，差异具有统计学意义(P P Objective: This study explores the impact of personalized nursing interventions based on the Information-Knowledge-Attitude-Practice (IKAP) model on the initiation of lactation in overweight parturients. Methods: Adopting a convenience sampling method, 120 overweight women who were enrolled and delivered after delivery in a tertiary hospital in Hengyang City from April to December 2023 were selected as the study subjects, and were divided into a control group (60 cases) and an observation group (60 cases) according to the time of admission to the hospital. The control group implemented conventional nursing interventions, and the observation group implemented IKAP-based personalised nursing interventions based on conventional nursing care, comparing the changes in breastfeeding simplification scale, lactation initiation rate and exclusive breastfeeding rate scores before and after the interventions in the two groups. Results: The observation group scored higher than the control group on the Breastfeeding Simplicity Scale, and the difference was statistically significant (P P < 0.05). Conclusion: Individualised nursing interventions based on the IKAP model can significantly increase the level of breastfeeding self-efficacy, breastfeeding skills, lactation initiation and exclusive breastfeeding rates in overweight women.