Clinical Application and Research Progress of Somatosensory Evoked Potentials

体感诱发电位(Somatosensory Evoked Potentials, SEP)是一种灵敏且客观的神经电生理学检测技术，已逐渐成为临床电生理检测的重要手段之一，有效弥补了传统影像学检测的部分不足。本文系统阐述了SEP的传导通路及其主要波形的发生源，并深入探讨了SEP在临床诊断与检测中的广泛应用，包括中枢神经系统与周围神经系统的病变检测、昏迷及脑死亡鉴定，以及创伤和手术过程中感觉通路的检测价值。同时，详细分析了影响SEP的因素及其优劣势，旨在为临床工作者提供全面且实用的参考，以促进SEP在神经病学领域的合理应用与深入研究。Somatosensory Evoked Potentials (SEP) is a sensitive and objective neuroelectrophysiological detection technique, which has gradually become one of the important means of clinical electrophysiological detection, and effectively makes up for some of the shortcomings of traditional imaging detection. This article systematically describes the conduction pathways of SEP and the source of the main waveforms, and deeply discusses the wide application of SEP in clinical diagnosis and detection, including the detection of central nervous system and peripheral nervous system lesions, coma and brain death identification, and the detection value of sensory pathways during trauma and surgery. At the same time, the influencing factors, advantages and disadvantages of SEP were analyzed in detail, in order to provide comprehensive and practical reference for clinical workers and promote the rational application and in-depth research of SEP in neurology.