Human-leopard conflict in Ahmednagar, Pune, and Nashik Districts of Maharashtra, India: patterns and community perceptions on conservation

Human-animal conflict represents a significant challenge in regions where human populations expand into wildlife habitats.This leads to increased encounters with species that can threaten livelihoods, property, and safety.Human-leopard conflict has become a growing concern in the regions of Ahmednagar, Pune, and Nashik in Maharashtra.Indian leopard (Panthera pardus fusca) attacks on humans and livestock have a long history and are increasing in severity due to habitat encroachment, resource competition, and the leopards' adaptable nature, which brings them into close proximity with human settlements.The purpose of this study was to explore conflict patterns and to examine local community perceptions of conservation strategies aimed at mitigating these interactions.