Towards a Holistic Doctoral Supervision in Africa: An Input-Output Approach

Aim/Purpose: This study examines the challenges in doctoral education supervision support within African universities, focusing on the need for effective strategies to meet the increasing demand for quality doctoral education. Background: The rapid socio-economic development in Africa has put pressure on higher education systems to meet the growing demand for quality doctoral education. Some African universities are attempting to produce doctoral degrees with minimal resources while maintaining doctorateness but are facing criticism from policymakers and stakeholders. The term “doctorateness” refers to the attributes of a doctoral student, including their research strategy, knowledge gaps, and unique contributions to the field. It is frequently seen as a turning point in the PhD process. Methodology: The research uses a critical literature review methodology to propose an input-output support model, arguing that universities should consider doctoral supervision as an input-output model to improve the quality and versatility of doctoral graduates. Contribution: The review presents a model and debate on doctoral education supervision support in a developing context, highlighting both theory and practice. Findings: The study suggests that universities should adopt an “input-output model” for doctoral supervision to improve the quality and suitability of doctoral holders for various employment opportunities. Recommendations for Practitioners: Based on a critical literature review, the study proposes that practitioners rethink doctorateness as an input-output approach to enhance their supervision skills. Recommendation for Researchers: The study contributes to the existing knowledge on doctoral education supervision and encourages further empirical study to validate the proposed model. Impact on Society: Doctoral education is crucial for solving societal problems, producing quality scientific research, preparing academics for future work environments, and serving as a bridge between academia, research, and society. Future Research: The study provides valuable insights and debates but requires further empirical research to validate its applicability.