High-Speed Signal Transmission Comparative Analysis of Huray and Groisse Models for Copper Foil Surface Roughness

With the increase in signal frequency in high-speed electronic systems, the impact of copper foil surface roughness on signal integrity and packaging performance has gained more attention. This study examines commonly used roughness models—the Hammerstad (Groisse) model and the Huray model—and analyzes their parameter relationships under low roughness conditions through ANSYS HFSS simulations. The Huray model can more precisely describe rough surface characteristics with nodal radius (NR) and surface ratio (SR), and maintains better applicability in high roughness scenarios. In contrast, the RMS parameter of the Groisse model is more suitable for low roughness scenarios. The findings of this study provide designers with simulation references and aim to contribute to the optimization of copper foil roughness design.