POLYMER MATERIALS BASED ON DEXTRIN WITH COMPATIBLE BIODEGRADABLE MODIFIERS

The creation of films based on natural polymers that can decompose into carbon dioxide and water in the soil in a short time is an important step in solving the problem of environmental pollution. The creation of films based on natural polymers that can decompose into carbon dioxide and water in the soil in a short time is an important step in solving the problem of environmental pollution. Biopolymers such as starch, cellulose and its derivatives, gelatin, pectin and casein are most often used as the main raw materials for the production of these films. To study the properties of films, the method of thermogravimetry, thermal mechanical analysis, and standard methods for determining the elastic-strength properties of polymer films were used. The analysis of the experimental thermogravimetric and thermomechanical curves of dextrin-based films has shown that polymer materials without the use of modifiers have low thermal stability and heat resistance. To give the required properties to biodegradable films, modifiers have been introduced into their composition. The Hildebrand-Sketchard method calculated the compatibility of a number of natural modifiers (chitosan, sodium alginate, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethylcellulose) with corn starch dextrin. Dextrin has been shown to combine well with these modifiers. The composition of a polymer composite based on dextrin is proposed, the effect of modifiers on the elastic-strength properties, thermal stability and heat resistance of films is determined. It has been revealed that such modifiers as chitosan and sodium alginate have different effects on the properties of corn starch dextrin-based films. Chitosan improves the mechanical properties of films, making them more elastic and resistant to external influences. Sodium alginate increases the strength of the films. When chitosan and sodium alginate are co-introduced into the polymer material, strong films with elastic properties are obtained. Thus, the use of biopolymers and natural modifiers in the production of environmentally friendly biodegradable films is a promising direction in the field of ecology and sustainable development. These materials can be widely used in various industries such as packaging, agriculture, including for soil mulching, contributing to reducing the ecological footprint and improving the environment.