Evaluation of Nonlinear Autoregressive Network with Exogenous Inputs Architectures for Wind Speed forecasting

This research investigates the optimal NARX neural network architecture for forecasting daily maximum wind speed in Dakhla, a region with substantial wind energy resources. Two configurations NARX-SP (open loop) and NARX-P (closed loop) were evaluated using the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm, known for its fast and efficient training. Predictive performance was assessed using RMSE to measure the gap between predicted and actual values. Results show that NARX-SP outperforms NARX-P, achieving lower RMSE and better forecasting accuracy.