Bounce effect or local recurrence after low-dose-rate brachytherapy of the prostate? When prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography–computed tomography is false positive: a case report

Our case illustrates a sporadically recognized false-positive prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography-computed tomography finding associated with a bounce phenomenon following low-dose-rate brachytherapy for prostate cancer. A single prostate-specific antigen test effectively ruled out the suspicion of local recurrence. While prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography-computed tomography is undoubtedly a valuable tool for detecting metastasis postoperatively, careful interpretation of local findings is essential owing to the potential for false positives. This consideration is vital when evaluating a patient with a rising prostate-specific antigen level after brachytherapy, to avoid premature initiation of salvage therapy.