Analysis of Factors Influencing the Photovoltaic Panels' Reliability Based on Bow-Tie Method

A reliability assessment methodology for photovoltaic (PV) panels linked to operating constraints using the Bow-Tie method is presented in this paper. Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) identifies potential failure modes and their causes. The analysis takes into account operating limitations as well as environmental elements including temperature, humidity, UV radiation, and dust. Then, Event Tree Analysis (ETA) is developed to illustrate the critical causes that generate the degradation of photovoltaic panels. This reliability analysis is completed by elaborate the bow-tie diagram which ensures the understanding of the consequences of the degradation causes. It also allows the implementation of control and defense barriers to extend the photovoltaic system's lifetime. The findings indicated that through bow-tie method, an efficient and complete assessment of the PV panel degradation linked to operating constraints can be ensured, and the suggestion of safety measures can reduce the occurrence probability of PV panel degradation.