Comparative Evaluation of Dentin Remineralization Induced by Ion-Releasing Restorative Materials: An In-Vitro Raman Analysis

Purpose: The research examined the remineralization abilities between three ion-excluding dental restoratives under study: ACTIVA BioACTIVE, BEAUTIFIL Bulk Restorative and Fuji II LC on dentin weakened by demineralization through Raman spectroscopy and Knoop hardness testing (KHN). Methods: The investigators used artificially treated dentin specimens to apply test restorative materials as they conducted the study but omitted restorations from the control samples. The analysis through Raman spectroscopy and KHN tests occurred before storage and again at week eight when materials rested inside phosphate-buffered saline. Qualitative material penetration evaluation took place through the use of confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Results: The restorative materials contained in all groups produced an outstanding increase in phosphate Raman peak intensity and KHN measurement when compared to the control group at a significance level of p<0.001. ACTIVA BioACTIVE material demonstrated the most notable mean percentage increase of Raman peak intensity reaching 80.93% yet this metric was statistically equivalent to other evaluation groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: ACTIVA BioACTIVE proved superior to both other restorative materials when it came to dentin remineralization capability. The examined evidence confirms that treating dentin with ion-releasing materials represents a practical approach for minimally invasive dental procedures. Clinical Relevance: The materials help protect the tooth structure while simultaneously enabling caries-affected dentin to heal properly.