Performance Evaluation of LoRaWAN Physical Transmission Parameters

The Internet of Things (IoT) is driving a technological revolution, enabling devices to communicate and interact, thereby providing a connected world of smart applications. Low-power wide-area networks (LPWANs) are a leading solution for IoT applications, requiring long-range communication with low energy consumption. Among the various LPWAN technologies, LoRaWAN stands out due to its adaptability, cost-effectiveness, and suitability for diverse use cases. LPWAN devices often provide numerous transmission parameters to ensure efficient and reliable communication. In this paper, we study the impact of LoRaWAN physical transmission parameters including Spreading Factor (SF), Bandwidth (BW), and Coding Rate (CR), on communication performance. Furthermore, the performance of LoRaWAN under a publish-subscribe architecture is evaluated using the MQTT protocol, a lightweight communication standard widely adopted in IoT systems.