A Key Distribution Security Association-Based Confidentiality Isolation Control Framework for Smart Microgrids

With the growing integration of Smart Microgrids, cybersecurity concerns have become increasingly critical. Micro-grids face a variety of sophisticated cyber threats, including False Data Injection Attacks (FDIA), Denial of Service (DoS) Attacks, and Privilege Escalation Attacks, which compromise secure operations by obstructing communication networks and control systems. Existing security architectures lack the flexibility and adaptability to address the unique demands of microgrids. This paper proposes a novel Key Distribution Security Association-Based Confidentiality Isolation Control Framework, leveraging a dynamic GDOI multicast security association allocation method. The framework introduces fine-grained cryptographic boundary definitions and secure interconnection mechanisms to enhance microgrid security. By employing distinct Security Parameter Indexes (SPI) and integrating heartbeat signals, the framework achieves independent Security Associations (SA), effectively addressing issues like source authentication, replay attacks, and resource inefficiencies. Simulations and security analyses validate the proposed framework’s ability to defend against FDIA and replay attacks while reducing storage overhead and supporting dynamic adaptability in complex environments. This framework provides a scalable and practical solution for the secure operation of Smart Microgrids.