On the Activities of Yan Xing and Hong Darong's “View of China and the Barbarians”

In the 18th century, with the stabilization of the Qing Dynasty and the development of the society, what the Korean Yankees who came to Beijing saw and heard in this place impacted their traditional thinking of “Chinese and barbarians”. Hong Darong, as one of the important figures, witnessed the prosperity of Chinese society in the Qianlong era, and after returning to Joseon, he was the first to put forward the slogan of “China and barbarians are the same”, and became the forerunner of Joseon's “School of Northern Learning”.