Performance evaluation of optical pin-like beams through atmospheric turbulence

Abstract Atmosphere turbulence causes fluctuations in the propagation of the beams that are transmitted through space. Optical pin-like beam (OPB) is distinguished for its special structural characteristics in atmospheric turbulence. With its promising potential in applications such as optical communication, imaging and precision measurement, exploring the transmission characteristics in atmospheric environments is crucial. This research is key to driving technological advances in these areas. However, while previous research has applied it to different circumstances, systematic studies of OPB transmission in turbulent environments are still insufficient. In this paper, the research commences with an examination of the self-focusing behaviour of the OPB, with a particular emphasis on the analysis of alterations in the full width at half maximum (FWHM) and the peak intensity of the beam spot. The numerical simulation method has been utilised in this study. The focus has been directed towards the OPB with <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">C</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.0002</mml:mn> </mml:math> and it has been determined that the focusing point with maximum intensity is located at the distance of 672 metres. When the turbulence intensity of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">D</mml:mi> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">r</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>5</mml:mn> </mml:math> , we compared the Gaussian beam and OPB. The FWHM of the OPB is reduced by 74.20% and the peak intensity is increased by a factor of 5.17 at 222 m behind the focusing plane. In summary, the OPB can sustain a concentrated beam intensity over a longer turbulence range, enhancing its research significance.