Enhancing Methane Emissions Management in Nigeria’s Oil and Gas Sectors: A Comprehensive Policy and Strategic Framework

This report examines the institutional framework for methane emissions reduction in Nigeria, with a particular focus on the Niger Delta region. Methane emissions in this area primarily stem from oil and gas extraction activities, including gas flaring and fugitive emissions. As one of the world’s largest methane emitters, Nigeria owes much of its output to the Niger Delta’s extensive oil extraction infrastructure. However, inconsistencies between local assessments and satellite data expose significant gaps in methane emission reporting, hindering accurate quantification and the implementation of effective mitigation strategies. Methane emissions in the Niger Delta have severe environmental and public health consequences, degrading air quality and exacerbating climate change. Despite the urgency, limited monitoring and reporting mechanisms constrain efforts to assess and address emissions comprehensively. Studies suggest that capturing flared gas could not only mitigate environmental harm but also provide economic and public health benefits. Nigeria has initiated steps to curb methane emissions, such as the 2018 Short-Lived Climate Pollutants Action Plan, which aims to end routine gas flaring by 2030. However, progress has been slow due to infrastructure deficiencies and enforcement challenges, underscoring the need for a stronger institutional framework. Addressing these barriers requires a coordinated effort among stakeholders, including government bodies, funding organizations, research institutions, and local communities. This report outlines actionable strategies for reducing methane emissions, emphasizing the importance of stringent regulations, advanced monitoring systems, and incentives for cleaner technologies. It also proposes national and global policy recommendations that define clear objectives and foster collaboration among stakeholders. By prioritizing transparency, education, and community involvement, Nigeria can establish a cohesive framework to tackle methane emissions effectively, promoting environmental sustainability and driving economic growth.