Integrating Maker Education into Primary Science: A Case Study of the "Ship Research" Curriculum with 3D Printing and Sensor Technology

This study develops an interdisciplinary primary science curriculum—"Ship Research"—guided by maker education principles, integrating 3D printing, graphical programming (Scratch/Arduino), and sensor technologies (water level/obstacle avoidance). A "knowledge-practice-iteration" pedagogical framework was implemented through contextualized project-based learning, supported by a multidimensional evaluation system (self-assessment, peer review, and artifact evaluation). Post-intervention assessments revealed significant improvements: students' confidence in hands-on skills increased by 7.5%, interest in scientific inquiry rose by 10%, and collaborative problem-solving capabilities were enhanced. The findings demonstrate that maker curricula enhanced by digital tools effectively foster innovation competencies in elementary students, offering a replicable model for transforming science education through technology-enabled creative practices.