Effect of Cardiac Rehabilitation on Anxiety and Depression in Post-coronary Artery Bypass Patients

Background: Anxiety and depression are common psychological challenges faced by patients after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Cardiac rehabilitation offers physical and psychological benefits, potentially mitigating these issues. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of cardiac rehabilitation on anxiety and depression in patients undergoing coronary artery surgery. Methods: This study included 80 patients who underwent CABG surgery at Golestan Hospital, Ahvaz. Participants were randomly assigned into two groups (n = 40 per group) using block randomization. Validated tools, including the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and Spielberger’s State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, were employed to measure anxiety and depression. The intervention group completed an 8-session cardiac rehabilitation program over four weeks (two sessions per week), comprising exercise, stress management, relaxation techniques, medication adherence education, and dietary guidance. The control group received standard post-operative care. Measurements were conducted at three time points: Baseline, post-intervention, and two months later. Licensed SPSS version 24 software was used for statistical analysis, including repeated measures ANOVA and independent t-tests. Results: Anxiety decreased in both groups, but the difference between the intervention and control groups was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Depression scores showed a significant reduction in the intervention group compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Time was identified as a significant factor in reducing both anxiety and depression (P < 0.001), with sustained improvements observed at the two-month follow-up. Conclusions: Cardiac rehabilitation effectively reduces depression and shows promise for mitigating anxiety in post-CABG patients. While longer interventions may provide greater benefits, this study highlights the value of integrating structured cardiac rehabilitation into post-surgery care plans.