Fintech adoption in emerging economies: exploring demographic patterns and preferences

Purpose This study aims to explore the relationship between demographic factors and Fintech adoption in emerging economies, analyzing patterns across segments to identify key drivers and barriers shaping adoption trends and consumer preferences. Design/methodology/approach This study integrates longitudinal data (2011–2021) for 15 emerging economies from the Global Findex Database, Human Development Index, Sustainable Development Goals Index and Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Indicators for a comprehensive Fintech adoption analysis. It introduces three composite indices – Economic, ICT Infrastructure and Financial Infrastructure Scores – ensuring a structured, comparative approach. Triangulating diverse datasets provides granular insights into economic, technological and financial drivers of Fintech adoption. Findings Economically stronger nations exhibit higher Fintech Scores, reflecting greater digital financial adoption. However, socioeconomic, regulatory and technological factors create deviations. While advanced ICT and robust banking systems facilitate Fintech growth, adoption varies due to regulatory policies, cultural attitudes and consumer behavior, highlighting the need for context-specific strategies. Research limitations/implications The study’s reliance on aggregated data may overlook intra-country regional disparities and does not fully account for cultural and behavioral nuances influencing Fintech adoption. Practical implications Tailored strategies are essential to enhancing digital literacy, fostering trust in Fintech solutions and mitigating barriers faced by underserved segments. Policymakers and stakeholders must prioritize inclusive regulatory frameworks and investments in ICT and financial infrastructure to bridge accessibility gaps. Originality/value This study adds novel insights into the demographic dynamics of Fintech adoption in developing economies, contributing to the growing body of literature on financial inclusion and technological innovation.