History of propulsive aerodynamic surface research

Studies conducted between 2018 and 2021 as part of the Aeronet roadmap under the National Technology Initiative revealed a demand for a transport aircraft capable of operating on confined sites without prior preparation, featuring short or vertical take-off and landing (VTOL), and performing horizontal flight in the manner of a conventional airplane. A promising concept involves the use of a load-bearing fuselage composed of specialized propulsive (thrust-generating) airfoils, which–due to their geometry–feature considerable structural depth. This allows for convenient internal placement of cargo containers or a passenger cabin. The application of propulsive fuselage principles enables the development of nearly silent aircraft, as the velocity of the fan-driven jet, expelled for instance through the wing’s trailing edge, can be kept low. The article reviews developments in high-lift and thrust-generating airfoils designed for low-speed aircraft, airships, and transonic vehicles. It traces the evolution of the idea of using aerodynamic surfaces to generate thrust and provides an overview of current research in the field.