Advances in Diagnostic Techniques for Cardioembolic Stroke

心源性栓塞性卒中(cardioembolic stroke, CES)约占据缺血性卒中20%，与其他类型的缺血性卒中相比，CES的病情更重、预后更差、复发率更高，同时治疗方案也存在差异，因此准确识别CES具有重要意义。然而，既往检查手段的限制和对该疾病的认识不足导致CES的诊断率偏低。近年来，随着心率监测技术、超声检查，影像技术等CES相关诊断技术的发展，临床对CES的识别能力显著提升。本文将从心脏以及颅脑相关影像学检查、辅助诊断人工智能技术、生物标记物、及临床量表评估心源性卒中相关评分等方面综述CES诊断技术最新的研究进展。Cardioembolic stroke (CES), accounting for approximately 20% of ischemic strokes, is characterized by more severe clinical manifestations, poorer prognosis, higher recurrence rates, and distinct therapeutic strategies compared to other ischemic stroke subtypes. Therefore, the accurate identification of CES is of great significance. However, historical limitations in diagnostic tools and insufficient understanding of the disease have contributed to suboptimal CES detection rates. In recent years, with the development of diagnostic technologies related to cardioembolic stroke (CES), such as heart rate monitoring, ultrasound examinations, and imaging techniques, the clinical ability to identify CES has significantly improved. This paper will review the latest research progress in CES diagnostic technologies from several aspects, including cardiac and cerebral imaging examinations, auxiliary diagnostic artificial intelligence technologies, biomarkers, and clinical scale assessments related to cardioembolic stroke scores.