ASPECTOS TÉCNICOS DA PRODUÇÃO DE MUDAS DE Hymenaea courbaril L.: SÍNTESE SOBRE BIOMETRIA,VIABILIDADE, DORMÊNCIA E SUBSTRATOS

Research in the forestry of native forests aims to optimize seedling production by prioritizing techniques that ensure efficiency and quality, linking it to a multifunctional forestry of species such as jatobá (Hymenaea courbaril). The objective of this study was to synthesize its biometrics and germination, as well as to evaluate seedling emergence and development under the influence of different containers and substrate compositions, especially those derived from urban tree management waste. Seeds of H. courbaril, collected between 2018 and 2022, were subjected to tests to assess their storage viability. The seeds underwent different methods of overcoming dormancy, conducted in BOD in GERBOX® boxes with fine sand substrate and germitest paper. Root protrusion was adopted as the germination criterion. The seedling production experiment evaluated two types of containers and different combinations of substrates for seedling production, such as the commercial compound TerraNutri® (100% - SC), and organic combinations, including mixtures of fine vermiculite with carbonized rice husk (V+CA), sandy-clay subsoil with coconut fiber (TS+FC), aged bovine manure (TS+EB), and urban tree waste (TS+RAU). The seeds of H. courbaril show significant variability, and after being stored for more than two years, they exhibited a loss of viability, with the highest germination rate (87%) in the 2022 batch. Mechanical scarification is the most efficient and effective method for overcoming dormancy. The combination of V+CA and TS+FC showed a higher seedling emergence rate compared to the commercial substrate, especially when cultivated in plastic pots.