Comparative Evaluation of Printed Rectenna Topologies on Unconventional Substrates for Enhanced RF Energy Harvesting

This study investigates four rectenna system configurations using microstrip patch antennas with different geometries fabricated on various substrates, including glass, paper, fiberglass (FR4), and polyester fabric. A voltage doubler rectifier circuit was designed for each antenna type to enhance performance. Metamaterial cells were incorporated into the glass, FR4, and paper‐based systems to improve electromagnetic wave capture. Simulations and optimizations were conducted using computer simulation technology (CST) and advanced design system (ADS) for operation at 2.45 GHz. Both the simulated and measured results that were obtained validate the potential of the proposed systems as efficient energy‐harvesting solutions.