Attosecond temporal structure of non-consecutive harmonic combs revealed by multiple near-infrared photon transitions in two-color photoionisation
Abstract The metrology of attosecond pulse trains is based on a cross-correlation technique between a comb of extreme ultraviolet harmonics generated by the high-order harmonic generation process and a synchronised infrared field. The approach, usually referred to as reconstruction of attosecond beating by interference of two-photon transitions (RABBIT), allows one to recover the relative phase between the comb of consecutive odd harmonics, thus providing access to the attosecond temporal structure of the radiation. Seeded free-electron lasers have recently demonstrated the generation of combs consisting of even and odd harmonics of the seeding radiation. In this scheme, each harmonic is generated by an independent undulator (or set thereof), providing an additional degree of freedom in selecting the specific harmonics that make up the extreme ultraviolet comb. Here, we present results on the generation and temporal characterisation of a comb consisting of non-consecutive harmonics. The single-shot correlation analysis of the photoelectron spectra and the reordering of the single-shot data using an attosecond timing tool allow the reconstruction of the group delay dispersion of the harmonic comb and the temporal reconstruction of the attosecond pulse train.
Authors
- Gabriele Zeni (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3972-1991)
- Fabio Frassetto (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5528-1995)
- Oksana Plekan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4692-7018)
- Carlo Spezzani (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5364-9047)
- Ioannis Makos (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1273-0011)
- G. Sansone (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7093-4277)
- Johannes Feist (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7972-0646)
- Michele Di Fraia (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8102-0799)
- Primož Rebernik Ribič (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5555-601X)
- Marcello Coreno (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4376-808X)
- Marco Zangrando (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8860-3962)
- David Busto (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4311-3315)
- Marvin Schmoll (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3568-078X)
- M. Danailov (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1888-1331)
- G. Penco (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4900-6513)
- Richard J. Squibb (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6708-8631)
- L. Giannessi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7643-9840)
- Praveen Kumar Maroju (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1455-9051)
- G. De Ninno (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4648-4413)
- Ronak Shah (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9837-9028)
- Michele Manfredda (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1965-8350)
- Luca Poletto (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0914-0531)
- Emma R. Simpson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8491-259X)
- Tamás Csizmadia (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5969-9846)
- Mathieu Dumergue (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3698-4406)
- Kiyoshi Ueda (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8051-8966)
- Kevin C. Prince (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5416-7354)
- M. Bonanomi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3629-6264)
- R. Feifel (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5234-3935)
- Barbara Merzuk
- Alberto Simoncig (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4471-5927)
- Alexander Demidovich (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2355-2257)
- Alicia Palacios (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6531-9926)
- Carlo Callegari (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5491-7752)
- E. Allaria (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9570-6361)
- J. Mauritsson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7289-5072)
- Samuel Bengtsson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6668-6744)
- Sergei Kühn
- Miguel Benito de Lama (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3999-4618)
Institutions
- University of Freiburg (DE)
- Lund University (SE)
- University of Nova Gorica (SI)
- Tohoku University (JP)
- Charles University (CZ)
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A. (IT)
- ELI-HU Research and Development Non-Profit (HU)
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IT)
- Institute of Structure of Matter (IT)
- Yukhnovskii Institute for Condensed Matter Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (UA)
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie (IT)
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati (IT)
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (ES)
- University of Gothenburg (SE)
- Politecnico di Milano (IT)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Communications Physics
- Published
- 2025-05-20
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-025-02123-z
- Citations
- 1
- Primary Topic
- Laser-Matter Interactions and Applications
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 1.25
Funders
- Comunidad de Madrid
- Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades
- European Commission
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
- Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse
- Vetenskapsrådet
- HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme
- Agencia Estatal de Investigación