Scholastic tradition: management based on individuality and collectivity

The general purpose of this article is to present the outstanding characteristics of school management put into practice by four directors of basic education in Japan. Some of the questions raised are: Is there a pedagogical or administrative theory that supports the work of principals? Is part of the success of the level of competitiveness of Japanese schools the product of collegial work or of individual development par excellence? This exploratory study based on individual interviews presents some conceptual references, which review conceptions of school management. A significant finding when analyzing the contributions of these principals is that in a demanding and strict school, education is directed towards affection, talent, and spirit. Finally, we can affirm that these principals carry out a wide range of activities associated with pedagogical, organizational, administrative, and community aspects, putting the norm before all school events.