The Current Status, Challenges and Future of Medical and Health Data Sharing in China: Lessons from the European Health Data Space

The rapid development of information technology has made the sharing and utilization of medical and health data a key factor in promoting medical innovation and improving public health levels. However, China still faces many challenges in the field of medical and health data sharing, including an imperfect legislative system, unclear data ownership, lack of incentive mechanisms, and lagging construction of data sharing platforms. This paper analyzes the current status of medical and health data sharing in China and the existing problems, pointing out that the decentralization and low level of legislation restrict the rational flow and effective utilization of health data. Through comparative analysis with the European Health Data Space, the deficiencies in China's data sharing are revealed, and drawing on the experience of the EU, corresponding improvement paths are proposed. This paper suggests that measures such as establishing a medical data ownership and authorization mechanism, constructing a diversified benefit distribution mechanism, and building a secure and trustworthy dual-track sharing platform should be taken to promote the efficient utilization and circulation of medical and health data in China. These measures will facilitate the implementation of medical informatization and the medical data sharing strategy.