PARASITIC NEMATODES, BACTERIA, AND NEMATODE-BACTERIAL ASSOCIATIONS IN SUPPRESSING THE DEVELOPMENT OF SECRETIVE PHYTOPHAGANS OF FRUIT AND BERRY CROPS

For the first time in the Russian Federation, highly effective biological methods have been developed to suppress caterpillars and pupae of the apple worm (Cydia pomonella L.), larvae of the currant borer beetle (Agrilus ribesi Shafer), and larvae of root weevils (Otiorhynchus sp.). Entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser) and Steinernema feltiae (Filipjev), autoclaved and live cultures of entomopathogenic bacteria Xenorhabdus bovienii and Xenorhabdus nematophila, together with and without the nematodes were used as biological agents. Bioagents were applied to different substrates, and used to treat soil, damaged fruits or cuttings. The biological efficiency of the suppression of C. pomonella caterpillar and pupae by the nematodes and the nematode-bacterial association was 100% when applied to different substrates and sprayed to fruits, and from 68.3 to 90.8% when treating the soil in the garden with different variants of S. carpocapsae and S. feltiae. The death rate of A. ribesi larvae with applied S. feltiae reached 92.9%, and of Otiorhynchus sp. larvae with applied S. carpocapsae and S. feltiae reached 100%. The suppression effectiveness for C. pomonella caterpillars by autoclaved and live culture of X. nematophila was 83.3%, and for X. bovienii, 83.3 and 100%, respectively.