MEDICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF BLOOD-SUCKING MOSQUITOES (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE) IN THE KURSK REGION

Blood-sucking mosquitoes (order Diptera, family Culicidae) pose a serious threat to the population health in the Kursk Region and are carriers of diseases such as malaria, West Nile fever and dirofilariasis. The article examines the medical significance of mosquitoes, as well as the impact of climate change on their spread and activity. Cases of imported malaria, an increase in the incidence of West Nile fever and an increase in the number of cases of dirofilariasis were recorded. A climate change plays a key role in the mosquito distribution. An increase in temperature and humidity, and a longer period of mosquito activity contribute to an increase in their number and range. These changes require adaptation of prevention and control measures. Constant monitoring of the species composition, abundance, and season of mosquito activity is needed to understand population dynamics and predict the epidemiological situation. Besides regular surveillance, it is also important to conduct educational campaigns for the population. Increased epidemiological control, including the use of insecticides, improved infrastructure, and health education is critical to reduce risks of the infection transmission. An integrated approach combining scientific research and preventive measures will help improve the epidemiological situation and protect the health of residents of the Kursk Region.