Microstructure and microwave dielectric properties of (1 ‒ <i>x</i> )Ba[(Zn _0.6 Mg _0.4 ) _1/3 Nb _2/3 ]O ₃ ‒ <i>x</i> BaSnO ₃ ceramics

Abstract (1 ‒ x )Ba[(Zn 0.6 Mg 0.4 ) 1/3 Nb 2/3 ]O 3 ‒ x BaSnO 3 ((1 ‒ x )BZMN‒ x BS, x = 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, 0.35) ceramics were prepared by a conventional solid‐phase reaction method, and their crystal structures and microwave dielectric properties were investigated. Ba[(Zn 0.6 Mg 0.4 ) 1/3 Nb 2/3 ]O 3 and BaSnO 3 formed a perovskite solid solution with trace amounts of barium niobium oxide as a second phase. Raman spectroscopy confirms the presence of 1:1 and 1:2 short‐range ordered structures in the ceramics. The doping of Sn 4+ hinders the growth of grains and leads to a decrease in grain size. The dielectric constant decreases with increasing x values. The grain size, B‐site Rattling effect and B‐site short‐range ordering together determine the Qf value of the (1 ‒ x )BZMN‒ x BS ceramics, which reaches a maximum value of 62 203 GHz at x = 0.3. τ f decreases as the value of x increases. The main mechanism regulating the (1 ‒ x )BZMN‒ x BS ceramics τ f is ion polarizability dilution. 0.75BZMN‒0.25BS ceramics have the best dielectric properties: ε r ∼ 29.42, τ f ∼ ‒0.74 ppm/°C, and Qf ∼ 57 256 GHz. The raw material cost of the 0.75BZMN‒0.25BS ceramics is nearly 20% lower than that of Ba[(Mg 0.4 Ni 0.6 ) 1/3 Nb 2/3 ]O 3 and Ba[(Co 0.8 Mg 0.2 ) 1/3 Nb 2/3 ]O 3 ceramics, implying that the ceramics have a good prospect for application.