Hypoglycemic, Antioxidant Activities, and Probiotic Characteristics of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus LBUX2302 Isolated from Stool Samples of Neonates

<i>Lacticaseibacillus</i> species have shown potential in managing hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia, and oxidative stress, depending on the strain and species. This study aimed to isolate a novel <i>Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus</i> strain from healthy newborns and assess its hypoglycemic and antioxidative activity, along with other probiotic properties. A non-hemolytic <i>L. rhamnosus</i> LBUX2302 was isolated, and it exhibited survival rates of 2.7%, 22%, and 27.5% at pH 2, 3, and 5 for 120 min. It metabolized various carbon sources and showed resistance to gentamicin, dicloxacillin, and penicillin; coaggregated with <i>Salmonella typhi</i> ATCC14028, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> STCC6538, and <i>Escherichia coli</i> O157:H7. <i>L. rhamnosus</i> LBUX2302 showed hydrophobicity, autoaggregation, and adhesion to HaCat, HeLa, MCF-7, SK-LU-1, and SW620 cell lines. It also exhibited extracellular activity of bile salt hydrolase. Enzymatic inhibition assays revealed 66% and 24% inhibitions of α-amylase and α-glucosidase, respectively. Its cell-free supernatant inhibited DPPH (89%), hydroxyl (81%), and superoxide anion radicals (61%). Also, antioxidant activity was observed in whole cells and cell fragments. Finally, the presence of ferulic acid activity was detected. The results highlight <i>L. rhamnosus</i> LBUX2302 as a promising probiotic with hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects, warranting further in vivo evaluation for its possible inclusion in functional food and health formulations.