Radiofrequency echographic multi spectrometry (REMS): description of the method and perspective for its usage in clinical practice

Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by decreased bone mass and changes in tissue microarchitecture. The occurrence of post-traumatic fractures due to osteoporosis leads to a decrease in the quality and life expectancy of the affected population, as well as to an increase in health care costs for the treatment and rehabilitation of these patients, which makes osteoporosis a medical and social problem of the 21st century. In addition to prevention, early and complete diagnosis of osteoporosis is crucial for the initiation of timely treatment. Along with existing methods for osteoporosis diagnostics before a fracture develops: fracture risk assessment (FRAX) and bone mineral density (BMD) measurement by dual-energy X-ray osteodensitometry (DXA), new technologies are constantly being developed, including those that take into account the low availability and low mobility of DXA. An innovative method for assessing bone density and the risk of fractures is radiofrequency echographic multi spectrometry (REMS) - a non-ionizing method for scanning axial areas of the skeleton - the spine and hip. This review summarizes the studies conducted and accumulated knowledge on the use of REMS in clinical practice