New technologies for predicting intraventricular hemorrhages in very preterm newborns

Introduction . Intraventricular hemorrhages (IVH) in extremely preterm newborns significantly affect the course of the early neonatal period and can significantly affect the outcomes of their care. Aim . Study is to develop new methods for predicting intraventricular hemorrhages (IVH) in very preterm newborns. Materials and methods . A total of 227 extremely preterm infants with a gestational age of less than 32 weeks were examined: Group 1 consisted of 125 infants with IVH of varying severity, including subgroup 1a – 80 with IVH of grade I, 1b – 39 with IVH of grade II, 1c – 6 infants with IVH of grade III; Group 2 consisted of 102 extremely premature infants without IVH. The analysis of the health status of mothers of newborn children, the course of the current pregnancy and childbirth, the course of the early neonatal adaptation period was carried out; laboratory parameters were studied: neuromodulin (GAP-43), β-arrestin-2, platelet indexes in children depending on IVH. Risk factors were calculated using the “Open Epi” program. Results and discussion . Risk factors for the development of IVH include the absence or incomplete antenatal prevention of respiratory distress syndrome, severe asphyxia at birth, and invasive artificial ventilation. Factors that contribute to the prevention of IVH include placental insufficiency and intrauterine growth retardation syndrome. The significance of the concentration of GAP-43 and β-arrestin-2 in the blood serum of a newborn for the development of IVH was revealed, regardless of the degree of prematurity. The development of IVH in very preterm newborns is associated with high platelet granularity (p = 0.002) and low -thrombocrit (p = 0.004). Conclusion . The results of the study made it possible to develop new methods for predicting IVH in extremely preterm patients to enable a personalized approach to their management.