Factors and pathogenetic significance of elevated C-peptide levels in the blood of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by impaired insulin secretion against the background of insulin resistance. The phenotypic characteristics of patients with T2DM, including the presence of cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney disease, diabetic neuropathy, and obesity, influence the pathogenesis and course of the disease. Assessing C-peptide levels as a marker of β-cell function is crucial for a personalized approach to treatment and evaluating the risk of complications in T2DM patients.