"I see it, I scroll past it.": Exploring Perceptions of Social Media Political Discourse Among Gen Z Young Adult Women In The U.S.

Social media platforms have been widely perceived as centers of political discourse, and have been shown to facilitate political participation among young adults (18-26 years). However, as the effects of online political discourse and behaviors have become pervasive offline, significantly affecting global political processes such as deterring women from public political office and influencing election outcomes, it raises questions regarding how young adult users engage in these online political spaces of discourse. In this paper, we focus on the perceptions and forms of engagement of Gen Z social media users, specifically those of Gen Z young adult women. In this paper we broadly ask, how do voting-age Generation (Gen) Z young adult women perceive spaces of political discourse on social media, and do these perceptions affect how they choose to engage in them? To explore this question, we conducted 17 interviews with voting-age Gen Z women across the United States. We found that our participants were largely critical of social media as spaces of political discourse. They were skeptical of the credibility of the political information shared on social media, questioned the usefulness of sharing political information through social media, and felt that social media was not conducive to having productive political discussions. We find that participant perceptions of social media political discourse led to them limiting their online engagement or disengaging entirely from online public political spaces, but expanding their offline private political engagement through in-person discussion. Our findings indicate that our participants were not politically disinterested, but rather did not partake in public forms of social media political engagement, leading us to question and reconsider widespread interpretations of 'political participation' that center and emphasize public forms of action and expression. Drawing on our findings, we propose that the practice of 'disengagement' from public spaces of online political discourse should be considered a dimension of political engagement and not separate from it. In proposing this, we also broadly question the efficacy of social media as a forum to promote and facilitate political discourse.