Influence of the patient’s demographic profile and tumor characteristics on reconstructive techniques in lip cancers

With an incidence of approximately 30% of all oral cavity neoplasms, lip cancer significantly impacts the patient quality of life (QoL). The frequent localization is in the lower lip, predominantly affecting men aged between 60-70 years old. The surgical treatment aims at aesthetic and functional reconstruction of the lip. The present study aims at defining a demographic profile of patients with lip cancer and at establishing correlations between tumor characteristics and reconstruction methods. The analysis of the group of 26 patients showed that the lip cancer patient was predominantly female, urban, with a mean age of 73.27±11.17 years old, with squamous cell carcinoma of the lower lip, mean diameter of 1.52 cm and mean depth of 0.72 cm. The tumor characteristics revealed a guide of the decision on the method of lip reconstruction, considering the correlations between a variety of factors, including the size of the affected area, etiology and location of the formation, integration of the flap into the relaxed skin tension lines, the patient general condition, and the degree of cooperation. Regardless of the reconstructive method chosen, the aim is to preserve the functions of the lip in mastication, speech and definition of facial expression. Complex cases require extensive reconstructive interventions involving combinations of various types of flaps. Multidisciplinary management of these patients leads to improved QoL and prevention of recurrences.