Local Wisdom-Based Ecological and Social Mitigation of Rowo Jombor Reservoir Dam: A Transcendental Study

The construction of the Rowo Jombor Reservoir Dam in Klaten Regency, although it offers economic benefits, presents major challenges related to efforts to reduce ecological and social impacts. This study has two goals, to analyze the effect that occurs, evaluate the effectiveness of mitigation norms that have been implemented, and compare them with Islamic law and customary law. This study uses the Case Approach and Comparative Approach, focusing on socio-legal methods. In-depth interviews with various stakeholders, including affected communities, and direct observation on the ground are conducted to complete the data requirements. The results show that this project has several socio-ecological impacts, such as changes in river flow patterns, decreased water quality, and habitat destruction. Social impacts include the relocation of residents, conflicts due to evictions, and changes in people’s livelihoods. Indeed, Environmental Impact Analysis (Analisis Mengenai Dampak Lingkungan/AMDAL) is an important tool for identifying and mitigating adverse impacts. However, its success depends heavily on consistent implementation and enforcement. In addition, public participation in the AMDAL process needs to be increased. This study emphasizes the importance of expanding the capacity and commitment of all parties, including indigenous people, religious leaders, stakeholders, and the government. The role of Islamic community organizations such as Muhammadiyah also takes part in environmental management. The spirit of the Muhammadiyah Movement in managing the environment of the Rowo Jombor Reservoir is in line with the principle of Maqashid Shariah for the survival of the people. The suggestion for the government is to establish a framework for ecological and social mitigation policies based on local wisdom, and better supervision and law enforcement to ensure sustainable and equitable reservoir construction.