Study of cytotoxicity and analysis of cellular reactions to the implantation of polyurethaneureas with ifosfamide

Background. Society's need for modern implants and tissue engineering products is steadily growing due to the increase in the number of surgical interventions caused by various diseases, injuries and age-related changes. An increasing number of materials based on synthetic polymers, intended for implantation in the tissues of a living organism, are becoming widely used in medical practice. The aim of this work was to study the cytotoxicity and analysis of cellular reactions to the implantation of polyurethaneureas with immobilized ifosfamide, synthesized using 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane and 3,6-dioxyoctane-1,8-diamine as macrochain extenders by the method of tissue culture of fibroblasts and by means of the implantation test. Results. Using the method of tissue culture of fibroblast cells, it was shown that the dynamics and nature of the growth of cellular elements during cultivation in experimental vials with composite materials based on polyurethaneureas, including ifosfamide, did not differ significantly from control cultures, which allows us to conclude that the extracts from the studied cells do not have a cytotoxic effect materials on cultured cells. It was established that the implantation of test samples of polyurethaneureas in the body of experimental animals led to the development of cellular reactions typical for aseptic inflammation, without signs of acute inflammatory and other reactive processes. Histological studies have shown that the studied samples are biocompatible with the tissues of experimental animals. Implantation of polymer samples with ifosfamide led to the development of intense cellular reactions in the area where the implants were placed. The content of ifosfamide in the polymer matrix probably affected the proliferation of cellular elements in implantion site, as a result of which regenerative processes were inhibited in the early stages of the study. Conclusion. Based on the results of the research, it was shown that the developed composite materials based on polyurethaneureas with ifosfamide do not have a pronounced cytotoxic effect, are biocompatible and promising materials for use in medical practice during antitumor therapy.