Simulation and Validation of a Battery Charging Model Using Dymola: A Case Study with Tata Nexon EV

Abstract: The document presents a comprehensive study on the modeling and simulation of battery management systems (BMS) using Dymola, focusing on electric vehicle (EV) applications. It explores the behavior of two battery models with differing complexities: a simplified model with linear state-of-charge (SOC) dynamics and an advanced model incorporating real-world effects such as transient responses, self-discharge, and RC (resistor-capacitor) network dynamics. The detailed model simulates non-linear SOC-open-circuit voltage (OCV) relationships, energy losses, and thermal effects, offering insights into battery performance under varying operating conditions. The research compares charge-discharge cycles with a focus on transient voltage behavior, internal resistance energy losses, and thermal considerations. Significant measurements like SOC development, energy efficiency, and thermal stability are compared, citing the influence of design factors such as pulse currents, self-discharge rates, and RC values. The results highlight the necessity of advanced model approaches for the optimization of battery systems in electric vehicles to achieve working efficiency, safety, and durability. This project showcases Dymola's ability to simulate multidomain systems properly, connecting theoretical modeling and real-world applications in contemporary energy storage devices