Toward sustainable human resource systems: Evidence-based strategies for workforce retention and well-being in U.S. social impact organizations

U.S. social impact organizations, including nonprofit and mission-driven healthcare institutions, are experiencing critical workforce challenges characterized by high turnover, burnout, and declining staff well-being. This structured review explores evidence-based human resource (HR) strategies that can promote sustainable workforce retention and engagement in these sectors. Drawing from interdisciplinary literature, the paper synthesizes theoretical frameworks such as Sustainable Human Resource Management (HRM), the Job Demands–Resources (JD-R) model, and Social Exchange Theory to establish a foundation for sustainable HR practices. Key strategies identified include comprehensive burnout prevention programs, data-driven HR decision-making using AI and analytics, fair and transparent compensation systems, and leadership models that prioritize empathy and inclusion. Each intervention is contextualized with practical applications and empirical evidence, highlighting their impact on reducing attrition and enhancing organizational resilience. For example, studies on AI implementation in healthcare demonstrate improvements in workflow efficiency and reduced clinician stress, suggesting promising parallels for HR analytics in nonprofit management. The manuscript offers actionable recommendations for HR professionals, such as phased implementation, continuous evaluation, and engaging staff in co-creating solutions. Emphasizing that workforce sustainability requires systemic change, it encourages HR leaders to treat employee well-being and retention as core strategic objectives. Ultimately, the review presents a roadmap for social impact organizations to strengthen their human capital infrastructure, ensuring mission continuity and organizational longevity in an increasingly volatile labor landscape. Keywords: Human Resources, Employee Well-Being, Nonprofit Workforce, Workforce Sustainability, Performance Management, HR Interventions.