The Role of 3D Laser Scanning and Printing in Veterinary Anatomy Education: A Study on Feline Scapula and Humerus

Background: The study explores integrating three-dimensional (3D) printing technology into veterinary anatomy education, focusing on the development and application of feline scapula-humerus models. Precise anatomical replicas were produced using 3D scanning and printing process to support hands-on learning experiences. Methods: A controlled experiment was conducted with 102 first-year veterinary students, divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group used 3D-printed models, while the control group utilized real bones for anatomy lessons. Result: Comparative assessment through bell-ringer examinations demonstrated no significant difference in performance between the groups, validating the effectiveness of 3D-printed models as educational tools. The study highlights the advantages of 3D technology, including cost-effectiveness, reusability, and its potential to overcome limitations associated with traditional teaching materials. This research contributes to the growing evidence supporting 3D printing as a transformative tool in enhancing spatial understanding and practical knowledge in veterinary and medical education.