Investigation on the characteristics of surface movement and deformation in mining under thick unconsolidated layer in Jining area, China

Jining is one of the important coal production bases in eastern China. Due to the widespread occurrence of thick unconsolidated layers in this area, the surface movement and deformation characteristics caused by coal mining have special features. This paper collected the measured boundary angles, movement angles, and probability integral method parameters of surface subsidence under longwall caving mining in this area. Through data analysis of relevant parameters, the characteristics of mining under thick unconsolidated layer in this area were clarified, and a regression equation with reference value was established. On this basis, used the method of establishing numerical models, the influence laws of unconsolidated layer thickness, bedrock thickness, and working face mining width on the surface subsidence characteristics under thick unconsolidated layer were simulated and analyzed. The research results have important reference values for the selection of mining parameters and the protection of buildings in future working face mining in this area.