Electroretinography and its importance in diagnostics of hereditary diseases of the retina (literature review)

Purpose. To summarize and systematize data on the methods and application of electroretinography (ERG) in the diagnosis and monitoring of retinal diseases. To describe various techniques and protocols for conducting ERG, including standards and recommendations. This review analyzed data from domestic and foreign scientific literature published on the PubMed and PMC free article platforms related to the use of electroretinography in the diagnosis of retinal diseases. ERG allows for a quantitative assessment of the functional state of the retina with the determination of the depth and area of pathological changes. Due to this, ERG is a valuable tool for monitoring the progression and prognostication of various retinal diseases and is of particular importance in the diagnosis of hereditary retinal dystrophies, where functional disorders may precede structural changes detected by other imaging methods. Key words: hereditary retinal diseases, electroretinography, electroretinogram